Planting a tree might seem simple—dig a hole, drop it in, cover it up—but the truth is, a successful planting requires more planning than many people realize. At Nunnally’s Tree Service, we’ve seen firsthand how a poorly planted tree can lead to long-term issues with growth, stability, and even safety. If you want to give your tree the best possible start, follow this step-by-step checklist tailored to Virginia homeowners.
Step 1: Choose the Right Tree for the Right Spot
Virginia’s climate supports a wide variety of trees, but not every tree is right for every location.
Choosing a tree species for healthy and strong trees; consider the following:
- Soil type – Is your soil sandy, clay-heavy, or loamy?
- Sunlight – Does the location get full sun, partial sun, or shade?
- Space – How tall and wide will the tree grow? Will it crowd structures, power lines, or other trees?
- Moisture – Is the area prone to standing water or drought?
You can consult the Virginia Department of Forestry for more advice about planting trees in your location.
Step 2: Dig the Right Hole (It Matters!)
A common mistake is digging too deep or too narrow. The hole should be 2–3 times as wide as the root ball but no deeper than the root flare (the point where the roots begin to spread out from the trunk).
Why does this matter? Planting too deep can suffocate roots and lead to trunk rot over time. Trees need space to establish a wide, stable root system—and that begins with a properly sized hole.
Step 3: Handle the Roots With Care for Healthy and Strong Trees
Before you lower your tree into the hole, examine the roots. If they’re circling tightly in a pot or burlap wrap, gently loosen them with your hands or a small tool. This encourages outward growth rather than roots continuing to grow in a circular (and potentially damaging) pattern.
Pro tip: If the roots are severely root-bound, you may need to make shallow vertical cuts on the root ball to help them break free.
Step 4: Position and Backfill Properly
Place the tree so that the root flare is level with or just above the surrounding soil. Then, begin backfilling with the original soil (not potting mix), breaking up clumps and avoiding air pockets. Do not compact the soil heavily—this prevents water and air from reaching the roots.
Water lightly as you backfill to help the soil settle around the roots.
Step 5: Mulch the Smart Way
Mulch helps conserve moisture, regulate temperature, and suppress weeds—but it must be applied correctly.
- Use 2–4 inches of mulch
- Keep mulch away from the trunk—no volcano mulching!
- Extend the mulch ring at least as far as the canopy if possible
Mulch that touches the trunk can lead to moisture buildup, bark rot, and pest issues.
Step 6: Water Wisely for Healthy and Strong Trees
Newly planted trees need consistent watering during the first two years. Here’s a general rule of thumb:
- Water deeply once a week
- Adjust for rainfall or drought
- Use a slow trickle or soaker hose—not overhead sprinklers
During Virginia’s hot, dry summer spells, your tree will rely on you for hydration. Deep watering promotes deeper root growth and stronger long-term structure.
Step 7: Skip the Fertilizer (For Now)
Unless a soil test shows a deficiency, fertilizing right after planting is usually unnecessary—and may even stress a young tree. Focus on soil quality, moisture, and root establishment. You can consider a slow-release fertilizer after the first growing season, if needed.
Step 8: Stake Only If Necessary
If your new tree is tall, top-heavy, or exposed to strong winds, staking may help keep it upright—but it’s not always required.
If you do stake:
- Use soft, flexible ties
- Allow some movement for trunk strength
- Remove the stakes after 6–12 months
Step 9: Monitor and Adjust
Keep an eye on your tree’s health over the first two years:
- Is it putting on new growth?
- Are the leaves healthy and free from pests or disease?
- Are roots emerging from the ground, or is the tree leaning?
If something seems off, don’t guess. Our team is happy to offer advice or schedule a professional evaluation.
Contact Nunnally’s Tree Service here.
Partner With Professionals Who Know Virginia Trees
At Nunnally’s Tree Service, we do more than just remove trees. Whether you’re starting a backyard orchard, replacing a storm-damaged tree, or enhancing your curb appeal, planting with care today means fewer problems tomorrow.
Need help choosing the right tree or inspecting your soil? Want guidance on spacing, placement, or long-term care?Reach out to our team or learn more about us here. We’re proud to help Virginia homeowners grow strong, beautiful trees that last for generations.
